Software applications and operating systems usually represent the newline with one or two control characters:

* Systems based on ASCII or a compatible character set use either LF (Line Feed, 0x0A) or CR (Carriage Return, 0x0D) individually, or CR followed by LF (CR+LF, 0x0D 0x0A).
o LF: Unix and Unix-like systems, Linux, AIX, Xenix, Mac OS X, BeOS, Amiga, RISC OS and others
o CR+LF: CP/M, MP/M, DOS, Microsoft Windows
o CR: Apple II family and Mac OS through version 9
* EBCDIC systems?mainly IBM mainframe systems, including z/OS (OS/390), i5/OS (OS/400)?use NEL (Next Line, 0x15) as the newline character. Note that EBCDIC also has control characters called CR and LF, but the numerical value of LF differs from the one used by ASCII. Additionally, there are some EBCDIC variants that also use NEL but assign a different numeric code to the character.
* OpenVMS uses a record-based file system and stores text files as one record per line. No line terminators are actually stored, but the system can transparently add a terminator to each line when it is retrieved by an application.